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Jessica Alba
Alba in May 2016
Born	Jessica Marie Alba (1981-04-28) April 28, 1981 (age 43) Pomona, California, U.S.
Other names	Jessica Warren[1]
Occupations	Actress businesswoman
Years active	1992–present
Spouse	Cash Warren ​ (m. 2008)​
Children	3

Jessica Marie Alba (/ˈælbə/ AL-bə; born April 28, 1981)^[2] is an American actress. She began her acting career at age 13 in Camp Nowhere (1994), followed up by The Secret World of Alex Mack (1994), and rose to prominence at age 19 as the lead actress of the television series Dark Angel (2000–2002), for which she received a Golden Globe nomination.^[3][4][5]

Her big screen breakthrough came in Honey (2003). She soon established herself as a Hollywood actress, and has starred in numerous box office hits throughout her career, including Fantastic Four (2005), Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (2007), Good Luck Chuck (2007), The Eye (2008), Valentine's Day (2010), Little Fockers (2010), and Mechanic: Resurrection (2016).^[6] She is a frequent collaborator with director Robert Rodriguez, having starred in Sin City (2005), Machete (2010), Spy Kids: All the Time in the World (2011), Machete Kills (2013), and Sin City: A Dame to Kill For (2014). From 2019 to 2020, Alba starred in the Spectrum action crime series L.A.'s Finest.

In 2011, Alba co-founded The Honest Company, a consumer goods company that sells baby, personal and household products.^[7] A number of magazines, including Men's Health, Vanity Fair and FHM, have included Alba on their lists of the world's most beautiful women.

Early life[edit]

Jessica Marie Alba was born in Pomona, California^[8] on April 28, 1981, to Catherine Louisa (née Jensen) and Mark David Alba. Her mother has Danish, Welsh, German, English and French ancestry, while her paternal grandparents, who were born in California, were children of Mexican immigrants.^[9] She has a younger brother, Joshua. Her third cousin, once removed, is writer Gustavo Arellano.^[10] Her father's Air Force career took the family to Biloxi, Mississippi, and Del Rio, Texas, before they settled in Claremont, California when she was nine years old.^[4] Alba has described her family as "very conservative… a traditional, Catholic, Latin American family", and herself as very liberal; she says she identified as a "feminist" as early as age five.^[11]

Alba's early life was marked by a multitude of physical maladies. During childhood, she suffered from pneumonia four to five times a year and had partially collapsed lungs twice as well as a ruptured appendix and tonsillar cyst. She has also had asthma since she was a child.^[4] She became isolated from other children at school because she was hospitalized so often, no one knew her well enough to befriend her.^[12] She has said that her family's frequent moving also contributed to her isolation from her peers.^[11] She graduated from Claremont High School at age 16 and subsequently attended the Atlantic Theater Company.^[13]

Acting career[edit]

1992–1999: Beginnings[edit]

Alba expressed an interest in acting from age five. In 1992, the eleven year old Alba persuaded her mother to take her to an acting competition in Beverly Hills, where the grand prize was free acting classes. She won the grand prize, and took her first acting lessons. An agent signed her nine months later.^[4][14] Her first film appearance was a small role in the 1994 feature Camp Nowhere as Gail. She was originally hired for two weeks but her role turned into a two-month job when one of the prominent actresses dropped out.^[3]

Alba appeared in two national television commercials for Nintendo and J. C. Penney as a child. She was later featured in several independent films. She branched out into television in 1994 with a recurring role as the vain Jessica in three episodes of the Nickelodeon comedy series The Secret World of Alex Mack.^[15] She then performed the role of Maya in the first two seasons of the 1995 television series Flipper.^[3][15] Under the tutelage of her lifeguard mother, Alba learned to swim before she could walk, and was a PADI certified scuba diving skills which were put to use on the show, which was filmed in Australia.^[15][16]

In 1998, she appeared as Melissa Hauer in a first-season episode of the Steven Bochco crime drama Brooklyn South, as Leanne in two episodes of Beverly Hills, 90210, and as Layla in an episode of Love Boat: The Next Wave.^[17] In 1999, she appeared in the Randy Quaid comedy feature P.U.N.K.S..^[3] After Alba graduated from high school, she studied acting with William H. Macy and his wife, Felicity Huffman, at the Atlantic Theater Company, which was developed by Macy and Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright and film director, David Mamet.^[14][18] Alba rose to greater prominence in Hollywood in 1999 after appearing as a member of a snobby high school clique tormenting an insecure copy editor in the romantic comedy Never Been Kissed, opposite Drew Barrymore, and as the female lead in the little seen comedy horror film Idle Hands, alongside Devon Sawa.^[6]

2000–2006: Worldwide recognition[edit]

Her big break came when James Cameron picked Alba from over 1000 candidates for the role of the genetically engineered super-soldier Max Guevara on the FOX sci-fi television series Dark Angel.^[19] The series ran for two seasons, until 2002, and earned Alba critical acclaim, a Golden Globe nomination, the Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress, and a Saturn Award for Best Actress.^[6][20] Her role has been cited as a feminist character and is considered a symbol of female empowerment. Writing for the University of Melbourne, Bronwen Auty considered Max "the archetypal modern feminist hero—a young woman empowered to use her body actively to achieve goals", citing Max's refusal to use firearms and instead using martial arts and knowledge as weapons.^[21] In 2004, Max was ranked #17 in TV Guide's list of "25 Greatest Sci-Fi Legends".^[22][23] Her Dark Angel role led to significant parts in films. She had her big screen breakthrough in 2003 when she starred as an aspiring dancer-choreographer in Honey.^[24] Rotten Tomatoes' critical consensus was: "An attractive Jessica Alba and energetic dance numbers provide some lift to this corny and formulaic movie".^[25] Budgeted at US$18 million, the film made US$62.2 million.^[26]

Alba next played exotic dancer Nancy Callahan, as part of a long ensemble cast, in the neo-noir crime anthology film Sin City (2005), written, produced, and directed by Robert Rodriguez and Frank Miller. It is based on Miller's graphic novel of the same name.^[27] She had not heard about the novel prior to her involvement with the film, but was eager to work with Rodriguez.^[28] The film was a critical darling and grossed US$158.8 million. She received a MTV Movie Award for Sexiest Performance.^[29][30]

Alba portrayed the Marvel Comics character Invisible Woman in Fantastic Four (also 2005), alongside Ioan Gruffudd, Chris Evans, Michael Chiklis, and Julian McMahon.^[31] The Guardian, in its review for the film, noted: "Feminists and non-feminists alike must absorb the Fantastic Four's most troubling paradox: having been admitted to the story on the grounds of her beauty, [Alba's] superpower is to be invisible".^[32] The film was a commercial success despite negative reviews, grossing US$333.5 million worldwide. At the 2006 MTV Movie Awards, Alba earned nominations for Best Hero and Best On-Screen Team. Her last 2005 film was the thriller Into the Blue, where she portrayed, opposite Paul Walker, one half of a couple who find themselves in trouble with a drug lord after finding the illicit cargo of a sunken airplane. The film saw moderate box office returns, with a US$44.4 million worldwide gross.^[33] She hosted the 2006 MTV Movie Awards and performed sketches spoofing the movies King Kong, Mission: Impossible III and The Da Vinci Code.^[34]

2007–2010: Romantic comedies[edit]

Alba reprised her role in Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer, released in June 2007. According to Alba, Tim Story's direction during an emotional scene almost made her quit acting. "[He told me] 'It looks too real. It looks too painful. Can you be prettier when you cry? Cry pretty, Jessica.' He was like, 'Don't do that thing with your face. Just make it flat. We can CGI the tears in.'" According to Alba, this experience filled her with self-doubt: "And then it all got me thinking: Am I not good enough? Are my instincts and my emotions not good enough? Do people hate them so much that they don't want me to be a person? Am I not allowed to be a person in my work? And so I just said, 'Fuck it. I don't care about this business anymore.'"^[35] The film grossed US$290 million globally.^[36]

In Good Luck Chuck (also 2007), Alba portrayed the love interest of a womanizer dentist. She posed for one of the Good Luck Chuck's theatrical posters parodying the well-known Rolling Stone cover photographed by Annie Leibovitz featuring John Lennon and Yoko Ono in similar poses. While the film was heavily panned by critics, it made almost US$60 million upon its release.^[37] Her third starring vehicle in 2007 was the psychological thriller Awake, portraying the girlfriend of a wealthy man who is about to have a heart transplant.^[38] Reviews were lukewarm, but Roger Ebert praised her performance,^[39] and budgeted at around US$8 million, the film made US$32.7 million.^[40]

In February 2008, she hosted the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' Science and Technical Awards.^[41] Alba made her acting transition to the horror genre in the film The Eye, a remake of the Hong Kong original, in which she obtained the role of a successful classical violinist who receives an eye transplant that allows her to see into the supernatural world.^[42] Though the film was not well received by critics,^[43] her performance itself received mixed reviews. She garnered a Teen Choice for Choice Movie Actress: Horror–Thriller^[44] and a Razzie Award nomination for Worst Actress (shared with The Love Guru).^[45] In 2008, she also played a salesgirl in the independent romantic comedy Meet Bill, alongside Logan Lerman and Elizabeth Banks, and starred in the comedy The Love Guru, as a woman who inherits the Toronto Maple Leafs hockey team, opposite Mike Myers and Justin Timberlake.^[46] Mick LaSalle, of the San Francisco Chronicle, noting that she was "prominently" in the film, felt that she "finally seems relaxed on camera".^[47] The Love Guru was a critical and commercial flop.^[48]

While Alba did not have any film release in 2009, five high-profile films released throughout 2010 featured her in significant roles. Her first role in the year was that of a prostitute in The Killer Inside Me, an adaptation of the book of the same name, opposite Kate Hudson and Casey Affleck, which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival to polarized reactions from critics.^[49][50][51] Her next film was the romantic comedy Valentine's Day, in which she played the girlfriend of a florist as part of a long ensemble cast consisting of Jessica Biel, Bradley Cooper, Taylor Lautner and Julia Roberts, among others. Despite negative reviews, the film was a commercial success, with a worldwide gross of US$216.5 million.^[52] In the action film Machete, Alba reunited with director Robert Rodriguez, taking on the role of an immigration officer torn between enforcing the law and doing what is popular in the eyes of her family. Machete made over US$44 million globally.^[53]

The drama An Invisible Sign of My Own, which Alba filmed in late 2008, premiered at the Hamptons Film Festival. In it, she portrayed a painfully withdrawn young woman.^[54][55][56] Her last 2010 film was the comedy Little Fockers, in which she played an extrovert drug representative, reuniting with Robert De Niro, who was also in Machete. Despite negative reviews from critics, the film grossed over US$310 million worldwide.^[57] For all her 2010 roles, she received a Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress.^[58]

2011–present: action and independent media productions[edit]

In 2011, Alba worked for the third time with Robert Rodriguez in the film Spy Kids: All the Time in the World, portraying a retired spy who is called back into action. To bond with her new stepchildren, she invites them along.^[59] The film paled at the box office in comparison to the previous films in the franchise, but was still a moderate success, taking in US$85 million around the globe.^[60] Alba next appeared with Adam Scott, Richard Jenkins, Jane Lynch, Mary Elizabeth Winstead, and Catherine O'Hara in the comedy A.C.O.D. (2013), portraying what the Washington Post described as a "fellow child of divorce", with whom Scott's character "almost cheats on" her girlfriend.^[61] ScreenRant critic Ben Kendrick wrote: "[Winstead] and [Alba] also deliver in their contributions – though both of their characters are mainly designed to be mirrors for Carter to examine his own life and choices."^[62] A.C.O.D. received a limited theatrical run in North America.^[63] In 2013, Alba also made her voice acting debut in the moderately successful animated film Escape from Planet Earth.^[64]

Alba worked once again with director Rodriguez for two film sequels. She reprised her role of an Immigration Officer, in an uncredited cameo appearance, in Machete Kills (2013), which flopped with critics and audiences,^[65] and her much larger role of stripper Nancy Callahan, seeking to avenge her late protector, in Sin City: A Dame to Kill For, which was released in August 2014, on 2D and 3D.^[66][67][68] Unlike the first film, A Dame to Kill For was a commercial failure, grossing US$39 million against its US$65 million production budget,^[69] and received mixed reviews from film critics. Variety felt it was a "late, limp attempt to turn Alba's character from an exploited figure into an empowered one".^[70] She next took on the roles of a cabaret show performer in the dramedy Dear Eleanor (2014), the athletic girlfriend of a successful and well-respected English professor in the romantic comedy Some Kind of Beautiful (2014), a receptionist at a limo company in the thriller Stretch (also 2014), an emotionally vulnerable weapons trafficker in the crime comedy Barely Lethal (2015), and that of a documentary filmmaker in the horror film The Veil (2016); all films were released for limited theatrical runs and VOD.^[71][72][73]

In the action film Mechanic: Resurrection (2016), alongside Jason Statham, Alba played the girlfriend of a retired hitman. She did Krav Maga to get into shape for the film,^[74] and was drawn to the strength her character exhibited, remarking: "I think for these types of movies you don't often get to see the female romantic lead kind of kick butt. I mean, it's usually she's being saved by the guy, and so it's nice that I got to come to the table with a toughness, and a real heart".^[75] The film made US$125.7 million worldwide.^[76]

She will star in and executive produce a new documentary series for Disney+ called Parenting Without Borders (working title) which will focus on families around the world and their beliefs and culture.^[77]

Other endeavors[edit]

The Honest Company[edit]

In January 2012, Alba and business partner Christopher Gavigan launched The Honest Company, selling a collection of household goods, diapers, and body care products.^[7] The company was successful, and was valued at US$1 billion as of 2014^[update].^[78]

In early 2013, Alba released her book, The Honest Life, based on her experiences creating a natural, non-toxic life for her family. The book became a New York Times Best Seller.^[79][80] In October 2015, Alba launched a collection of skin care and beauty products called Honest Beauty.^[81][82]

As of April 2022, Alba owned 6.5 percent of the company. She was employed as the company's chief creative officer, receiving an annually base salary of $700,000 and restricted stock valued $1,500,000.^[83] Alba stepped down as chief creative officer in April 2024.^[84]

Charity and activism[edit]

Alba posed for a bondage-themed print advertising campaign by Declare Yourself, a campaign encouraging voter registration among youth for the 2008 United States presidential election. The ads, photographed by Mark Liddell,^[85][86] feature Alba wrapped in and gagged with black tape, and drew national media attention.^[86] Alba said of doing the advertisements that "it didn't freak me out at all." Alba also said, "I think it is important for young people to be aware of the need we have in this country to get them more active politically...People respond to things that are shocking."^[86]

Alba endorsed and supported Democratic presidential hopeful Barack Obama during the 2008 primary season.^[87] She also endorsed Hillary Clinton's campaign for president.^[88]

In June 2009, while filming The Killer Inside Me in Oklahoma City, Alba was involved in a controversy with residents when she pasted posters of sharks around town.^[89] Alba said that she was trying to bring attention to the diminishing population of great white sharks. Media outlets speculated that Alba would be pursued and charged with vandalism.^[90] On June 16, 2009, Oklahoma City police said that they would not pursue criminal charges against Alba, because none of the property owners wanted to pursue it.^[91][92] Alba apologized in a statement to People magazine and said that she regretted her actions.^[91] She later donated an undisclosed amount of money (over US$500)^[93] to the United Way, whose billboard she had obscured with one of the shark posters.^{[94][95][96][97]}

In 2011, Alba participated in a two day lobbying effort in Washington D.C. in support of the Safe Chemicals Act, a revision of the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976.^[98][99] Alba returned to Capitol Hill in 2015 to lobby lawmakers as they once again debated a replacement for the 1976 Substances Control Act.^[100] She has also been a strong supporter of gay rights and on June 27, 2013, she expressed her delight with the Supreme Court's decision to strike down DOMA on her Twitter account. She tweeted "#equality #love".^[101]

Alba's charity work has included participation with Clothes Off Our Back, Habitat for Humanity, National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, Project HOME, RADD, Revlon Run/Walk for Women, SOS Children's Villages, Soles4Souls, Step Up and Baby2Baby.^[102][103] Alba is an ambassador for the 1Goal movement to provide education to children in Africa.^[104] She has also served as a Baby2Baby "angel" ambassador, donating and helping to distribute items such as diapers and clothing to families in Los Angeles.^[105] In 2015, Alba and The Honest Company sponsored a laboratory at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. The lab was announced to be a specialized room designed to keep out dust and particles, where a team of epidemiologists would research links between household chemicals and autism.^[106]

Public image[edit]

Posted on December 5, 2007

Underground

Underground theme by Vaporize

Download: UndergroundPS3.p3t

(1 background)

Look up Underground or underground in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Underground most commonly refers to:

• Subterranea (geography), the regions beneath the surface of the Earth

Underground may also refer to:

Places[edit]

• Buenos Aires Underground, a rapid transit system
• London Underground, a rapid transit system
• The Underground (Boston), a music club in the Allston neighborhood of Boston
• The Underground (Stoke concert venue), a club/music venue based in Hanley, Stoke-on-Trent
• Underground (Manhattan), a music club (1980—1989) in Manhattan
• Underground Atlanta, a shopping and entertainment district in the Five Points neighborhood of downtown Atlanta, Georgia
• Underground City, Montreal
• Underground city, a series of linked subterranean spaces
• Underground living, modes of living below the ground's surface

Arts, entertainment, and media[edit]

Films[edit]

• Underground (1928 film), a drama by Anthony Asquith
• Underground (1941 film), a war drama by Vincent Sherman
• Underground (1970 film), a war drama starring Robert Goulet
• Underground (1976 film), a documentary about the radical organization the Weathermen
• Underground (1989 film), a film featuring Melora Walters
• Underground (1995 film), a film by Emir Kusturica
• The Underground (1997 film), a cop must stop the killings of rap stars
• Underground (2007 film), a British independent film starring Mark Strange
• Underground (2011 film), a horror film starring Adrian R'Mante
• Underground (2020 film), a/k/a Souterrain, a drama film directed by Sophie Dupuis
• Underground: The Julian Assange Story, a 2012 Australian television film on Julian Assange for Network Ten

Games[edit]

• Underground (role-playing game), a satirical superhero game
• Underground, an expansion pack for Tom Clancy's The Division
• Medal of Honor: Underground, a 2000 first-person shooter
• Need for Speed: Underground, a 2003 racing video game
• Need for Speed: Underground 2, a 2004 racing video game
• Tony Hawk's Underground, a 2003 skateboarding video game
• Tony Hawk's Underground 2, a 2004 skateboarding video game
• Underground Zone, the first level in Sonic the Hedgehog 2 (8-bit)

Literature[edit]

• Underground (Dreyfus book), a 1997 nonfiction book about computer hacking
• Underground (McGahan novel), by Andrew McGahan
• Underground (Murakami book), a 1998 collection of interviews about the Tokyo sarin gas attack
• The Underground (Animorphs), by K. A. Applegate
• The Underground (Left Behind: The Kids), by Jerry B. Jenkins and Tim LaHaye
• Underground comix

Music[edit]

Albums[edit]

• Underground (The Electric Prunes album), 1967
• Underground (Thelonious Monk album), 1968
• Underground (Twinkle Brothers album), ?
• Underground (Phil Keaggy album), 1983
• Underground (Graham Bonnet album), 1997
• Underground (Jayo Felony album), 1999
• Underground (Courtney Pine album), 1997
• Underground (Chris Potter album), 2006
• Underground (soundtrack), by Goran Bregović, 2000
• Underground, by Analog Pussy, ?
• Underground Vol. 1: 1991–1994, a compilation album by Three 6 Mafia, 1999
• Underground Vol. 2: Club Memphis, a compilation album by Three 6 Mafia, 1999

Songs[edit]

• "Underground", a song by Curtis Mayfield from Roots, 1970
• "Underground", a song by Gentle Giant from Civilian
• "Underground", a song by Tom Waits from Swordfishtrombones
• "Underground", song by Men at Work from Business as Usual, 1980s
• "Underground" (David Bowie song), featured in the film Labyrinth
• "Underground" (Ben Folds Five song), 1995
• "Underground" (Evermore song), 2010
• "Underground", a song by Adam Lambert from The Original High, 2015
• "Underground", a song by Circa Zero from Circus Hero
• "Underground", a song by Decadence from Undergrounder, 2017
• "Underground", a song by Eminem from Relapse
• "Underground", a song by Jane's Addiction from The Great Escape Artist
• "Underground", a song by Pokey LaFarge from Something In The Water
• "Underground", a song by The Tea Party from Triptych
• "The Underground", a song by Mani Spinx

Other uses in music[edit]

• Underground music, a variety of music subgenres

Television[edit]

• Underground (TV series), a 2016 American television drama series
• TCM Underground, a weekly cult-film showcase
• The Underground (TV series), a sketch comedy show
• "Underground" (1958 TV play), a British television drama, part of Armchair Theatre
• "Underground" (Stargate Atlantis), an episode of Stargate Atlantis
• "Underground" (BoJack Horseman), an episode of BoJack Horseman
• "Underground", a Transformers: Armada episode

Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media[edit]

• Underground (play), by Michael Sloane
• Underground press, independent counterculture publications
• Underground producciones, an Argentine producer of TV series

Groups and organizations[edit]

• Narodnaya Volya, an underground group in late 19th-century Russia
• Resistance movement
  • Resistance during World War II, with some groups sometimes referred to informally as "The Underground"
    • Polish Underground State (Polish: Polskie Państwo Podziemne), 1939-1945
• Weather Underground, a clandestine far-left terrorist group which operated in the United States of America between 1969 and 1977

Other uses[edit]

• Underground economy, a market system operating outside of legal regulations
• UK underground, a counter-cultural movement in the United Kingdom
• Underground Railroad, an informal network of secret routes and safe houses
• The Underground (roller coaster), a wooden roller coaster at Adventureland (Iowa)
• Underground mining (hard rock), removal of valuable minerals from below the Earth's surface

See also[edit]

• Rapid transit, rail-based transportation systems, which often operate in tunnels
• Underground culture (disambiguation)
• Underground 2 (disambiguation)
• 6 Underground (disambiguation)
• Overground (disambiguation)

Topics referred to by the same term

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Underground.
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